Seven Wonders of the Ancient World are commonly referred to as evidence of cultural and general knowledge. The original list was made the second century BC, according to some of Antiparos of Sidon, according to others by Philo of Byzantium. Their number was defined by the mystical notion that had the number 7, related to the main stars visible at that time: The sun, moon and five planets.
1. The Lighthouse of Alexandria served ships wishing to dock at the port founded by Alexander the Great of Macedonia and had to navigate between the shoals. Was 120 meters and its construction was funded by the Greek merchant Sostratus to facilitate trade. During the day, used mirrors to reflect sunlight, and at night bonfires were lit on top. Natural causes, mainly earthquakes, was weakened to collapse.
2. The Temple of Diana at Ephesus was the largest temple of antiquity. Built in the sixth century BC had 127 columns 20 meters tall. It was damaged by fire, rebuilt by Alexander the Great and destroyed by the Gothic invasion, looters and earthquakes. From him there is only one column.
3. The Statue of Zeus at Olympia was built in the year 438 BC with gold and jewels by the sculptor Phidias of Athens. Was destroyed when the temple collapsed after an earthquake.
4. The Colossus of Rhodes was a statue of 32 meters high, built on the island in honor of Helios, god of the sun was completed in ten years under the supervision of Chares of Lindos. In the year 226 an earthquake weakened the knees and the statue collapsed.
5. The Hanging Gardens of Babylon were built, according to tradition, by King Nebuchadnezzar for his wife Semiramis remember forests and flowers of her homeland. They were built on terraces on the walls of the city, and is supposed to disappear along with the power of Babylon. (There is a question of if it actually existed, because no traces were found in the excavations.)
6. The Mausoleum at Halicarnassus was built between 370 and 351 BC by Queen Artemisia, grieving over the death of her husband King Mausolus of Caria. It was built on a plateau of marble, was 50 meters high and was surrounded by 36 columns. It was found during excavations in 1522, but was ordered destroyed by Islamic authorities at the time, as Islam forbids representation of human figures in art.
7. The Pyramids of Egypt at Giza are the only survivors of the Seven Wonders, despite being the oldest. Built between XXVI and XXV centuries BC during the Old Kingdom, they served as tombs for the pharaohs Khufu, Khafre and Menkaure. The first and largest of Cheops, is 146.6 meters high and took 20 years to complete.
Currently there are great buildings, and the site The New Seven Wonders of the World can vote to elect the successor of the structures that were marked in the history of the world.
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